Date of Award
Winter 1985
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Master of Arts
Abstract
This paper, "Contrasts in Management and Productivity Between the Japanese and American Systems; (What Can and What Is Being Done)" by Jim Venables, provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of Japanese and American management styles, highlighting their impact on productivity, corporate culture, and organizational effectiveness. Beginning with Japan’s post-World War II industrial ascent, the study attributes much of the nation's economic success to superior managerial practices rather than external factors such as labor costs or resources. The paper juxtaposes two corporate giants—Matsushita Electric (Panasonic) and International Telephone & Telegraph (ITT)—as representative models of their respective systems.
The Japanese model, exemplified by Matsushita, emphasizes decentralized decision-making, long-term strategic planning, spiritual and value-driven employee development, and harmonious interdependence. This contrasts sharply with ITT’s centralized, performance-driven structure under Harold Geneen, characterized by rigid controls, high turnover, and aggressive top-down management.
Further, the paper explores cultural underpinnings, such as Zen philosophy and concepts of group harmony (WA), and how they shape Japanese corporate behavior. It also critiques the American focus on individualism and short-term gains, revealing systemic constraints in adapting to changing workforce values and global competition.
Despite the admiration often directed toward Japanese firms, the paper notes that not all American companies lag behind. It cites United Airlines and other “Excellent Companies” as examples of effective American adaptations of Japanese-style management elements, emphasizing values, employee engagement, and strategic flexibility.
Ultimately, the study concludes that cultural context influences management style, but great management transcends geography. The key to competitive advantage lies in embracing a balanced, human-centric approach to leadership, strategy, and organizational design.
Recommended Citation
Venables, Jim, "Contrasts in Management and Productivity Between the Japanese and American Systems; (What Can and What is Being Done)" (1985). Theses. 1494.
https://digitalcommons.lindenwood.edu/theses/1494
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